ABSTRACT
A necrobiose lipoídica (NL) é uma dermatose granulomatosa, que acomete principalmente diabéticos devido à degeneração do colágeno. Embora existam diferentes tratamentos, todos apresentam pouca resposta. Dentre as opções, a luz intensa pulsada (LIP) e o laser Erbium-YAG permitem aumentar a produção e remodelamento do colágeno tratando a atrofia, além de diminuir o eritema pela coagulação de vasos sanguíneos. Relata-se caso de mulher, 24 anos, com diabetes mellitus tipo I, submetida a tratamento de NL no antebraço esquerdo em sete sessões com a associação entre LIP e laser Erbium-YAG 2940nm. Observou-se melhora da atrofia central e do eritema.
Necrobiosis Lipoidica (NL) is a granulomatous dermatosis, mainly affecting people with diabetes due to collagen degeneration. Although there are different treatments, all have little response. Among the options, the Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) and the Laser Erbium-YAG enhance the production and remodeling of the collagen treating the atrophy, besides reducing the erythema by the coagulation of blood vessels. We report a case of a 24-year-old woman with type I Diabetes Mellitus who underwent NL treatment on her left forearm in seven sessions with the association of IPL and 2940 nm Erbium-YAG laser. We observed improvement in central atrophy and erythema
ABSTRACT
Paciente do sexo feminino, com diabetes tipo I e tireoidite de Hashimoto, apresentou necrobiose lipoídica aos 15 anos de idade. Foi tratada com 100mg/dia de ciclosporina, porém um abscesso na região inguinal levou à interrupção do tratamento. Posteriormente, utilizou dimetil fumarato em doses crescentes até 120mg/dia por três meses e, devido à ausência de resultados, cessou o uso do medicamento. A terceira tentativa foi com isotretinoína 40mg/dia por oito meses, com cicatrização da ferida. Recentemente, após cirurgia reparadora de cicatriz no joelho, houve aparecimento de lesões de necrobiose lipoídica no local da sutura. Tomou novamente 40mg/dia de isotretinoína, e a lesão regrediu em três meses
A woman with type I diabetes and Hashimoto's disease presented necrobiosis lipoidica at 15 years of age. Cyclosporine 100 mg/day was prescribed; however, an abscess in the inguinal region led to treatment interruption. Then, she tried dimethyl fumarate at increasing doses up to 120 mg/day. The lack of results led to the discontinuation of the therapy. The third attempt was isotretinoin 40 mg/day for eight months, with wound healing. Recently, after a knee scar repair surgery, necrobiosis lipoidica lesions appeared at the suture site. The patient received isotretinoin 40 mg/day again, and the lesion regressed in three months.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Relatar um caso de necrobiose lipoídica, uma dermatose granulomatosa crônica rara em crianças e adolescentes, em um adolescente com diabetes mellitus tipo 1. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Apresenta-se o caso de um adolescente de 17 anos, sexo masculino, com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 desde os quatro anos de idade, acompanhado no serviço de Pediatria-Diabetologia de um hospital de nível II, sob esquema intensivo com múltiplas administrações de insulina e mau controle metabólico. Aos 15 anos, notou o aparecimento de uma placa assintomática, ovalada, eritematosa e infiltrada, com centro esbranquiçado ceroso, bordos bem definidos, 5 cm de diâmetro e crescimento progressivo, localizada no antebraço esquerdo. O exame histológico confirmou o diagnóstico de necrobiose lipoídica. Foi medicado com corticóide tópico e emoliente, conseguindo-se estabilizar e reduzir a infiltração da lesão. CONCLUSÕES: Os autores destacam uma dermatose rara, principalmente na faixa etária pediátrica, não patognomônica de diabetes mellitus mas que, na maioria dos casos, apresenta relação com esse diagnóstico. O seu desafiante reconhecimento, sobretudo na presença de lesões de início recente, com apresentação clínica atípica ou em locais pouco frequentes, é fundamental de forma a evitar terapêuticas erradas ou tardias e a sua progressão para ulceração.
AIMS: To report a case of necrobiosis lipoidica, a rare chronic granulomatous dermatosis. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present the case of a 17-year-old male adolescent, with type 1 diabetes mellitus from the age of four, followed in the Pediatric-Diabetology clinics of a level II hospital, under intensive regimen with multiple insulin administrations and poor metabolic control. At the age of 15, he noticed the appearance of an asymptomatic, erythematous, infiltrated, oval-shaped plaque, with a waxy whitish center, well-defined borders, 5 cm in diameter and progressive growth, located on the left forearm. The histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of necrobiosis lipoidica. He was treated with topical corticosteroid and emollient, thus stabilizing and reducing lesion infiltration. CONCLUSIONS: The authors highlight a rare dermatosis, non-pathognomonic of diabetes mellitus but related to this diagnosis in most cases. Its challenging recognition, especially in the presence of recent onset lesions, with atypical clinical presentation or in unusual sites, is fundamental in order to avoid erroneous or late treatments and its progression to ulceration.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Skin Diseases , Adolescent , Diabetes MellitusABSTRACT
Una revisión sobre los efectos y utilidades de la pentoxifilina, desde los años noventa y la efectividad demostrada en la experiencia del autor, es comunicada. Se remarca su efectividad en la necrobiosis lipoídica, livedo vasculitis, así como la posibilidad de volver a ensayarla en otras entidades, donde la hipercoagulabilidad-hiperviscosidad sanguínea, esté involucrada en la etiopatogenia de las mismas.
Since the early 90s it has been reviewing the potential therapeutic utilities of pentoxifillyne. The usefulness of the drug in the treatment of necrobiosis lipoídica and livedo vasculitis is reinforced. In addition I suggest training again the pentoxifillyne in conditions where the hypercoagulable and hyperviscosity of the blood are involved.
ABSTRACT
La necrobiosis lipoídica es una enfermedad crónica granulomatosa de la piel de origen desconocido, que se caracteriza por placas inflamatorias amarronadas con bordes indurados y centro atrófico. Dos tercios de los casos se reportan en pacientes diabéticos, con predominio en el sexo femenino. Se describe el caso de una mujer de 18 años de edad con diagnóstico de diabetes tipo 1 de más de 15 años de evolución, en tratamiento con insulina detemir 88 U/día, con inadecuada adherencia al tratamiento y mal control metabólico. Presentó lesiones hipotróficas en cara anterior de ambas piernas (región pretibial derecha y antepié izquierdo), de centro ulcerado, no dolorosas, con bordes indurados, de meses de evolución. Se realizó diagnóstico de necrobiosis lipoídica mediante biopsia de piel. La paciente mejoró con tratamiento local de las lesiones (corticoides intralesionales y antibióticos tópicos) y adecuado control de la glucemia. En la literatura se discuten numerosas opciones de tratamiento, pero no existen recomendaciones terapéuticas firmes basadas en estudios controlados.
Necrobiosis lipoidica is a chronic granulomatous skin disease of unknown origin characterized by inflammatory plaques with indurated edges and brownish atrophic center. Two thirds of cases are reported in diabetic patients, with a predominance in females. The case of a 18-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes for 15 years is described; she was on insulin detemir 88 U/day, with inadequate adherence to treatment and poor metabolic control. She presented painless hypotrophic dermic lesions in the anterior aspect of both legs and in the left forefoot; they had ulcerated center and indurated edges; the evolution was chronic (several months). Diagnosis of necrobiosis lipoidica was made by skin biopsy. The patient improved with local treatment of lesions (intradermic steroids and topical antibiotics) and adequate glycemic control. In the literature many treatment options are discussed, but there are no firm therapeutic recommendations based on controlled studies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Necrobiosis Lipoidica/therapy , Atrophy/therapy , Diabetes Complications/therapy , Skin Diseases/therapy , InsulinABSTRACT
Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma is a condition characterized histologically by damaged elastic fibers associated with preponderance of giant cells along with absence of necrobiosis, lipid, mucin, and pallisading granuloma. It usually occurs on sun‑damaged skin and hence the previous name actinic granuloma. A similar process occurs on the conjunctiva. Over the past three decades only four cases of conjunctival actinic granuloma have been documented. All the previous patients were females with lesions in nasal or temporal bulbar conjunctiva varying 2-3 mm in size. We report a male patient aged 70 years presenting with a 14 mm × 7 mm fleshy mass on right lower bulbar conjunctiva. Clinical differential diagnoses were lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma in situ and amyloidosis. Surgical excision followed by histopathology confirmed it to be a case of actinic granuloma. This is the first case of isolated conjunctival actinic granuloma of such a large size reported from India.
ABSTRACT
Se describe el caso clínico de una fémina de 39 años de edad, con diabetes mellitus de tipo II, quien ingresó en el Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Provincial Clinicoquirúrgico Docente "Celia Sánchez Manduley" de la provincia de Granma por presentar, desde hacía más de un año, múltiples lesiones en los miembros inferiores, superiores y tronco. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados de los exámenes físico y complementarios, incluida la biopsia, se le diagnóstico necrobiosis lipoídica diabética. Se le indicó tratamiento con triamcinolona y evolucionó favorablemente.
The case report of a 39 years female patient with diabetes mellitus type II who was admitted in the Dermatology Service of "Celia Sánchez Manduley" Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital of Granma province is described. She presented, for more than a year, multiple lesions in the lower and higher extremities and trunk. Keeping in mind the results of the physical and complementary exams, including biopsy, she had a diagnosis of diabetic lipoidic necrobiosis. She was prescribed a treatment with triamcinolona and she had a favorable clinical course.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , Secondary CareABSTRACT
Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is a chronic granulomatous skin disease typified by indurated plaques on the shin. Although this condition is strongly associated with diabetes mellitus, its etiology and pathogenesis remains unknown. Localization of NL to the lower extremities suggests that local injury may be a contributing factor to the disease. A healthy 38-year-old man presented with localized erythematous to yellowish plaques on his right thigh that developed over several years. The lesion developed in the scar where suture had been done for laceration repair 25 years ago. A biopsy specimen showed degenerated collagen with surrounding palisading granulomas. Numerous lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells were infiltrated throughout the reticular dermis. Plasma cells aggregation was found at the dermal subcutaneous junction.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy , Cicatrix , Collagen , Dermis , Diabetes Mellitus , Giant Cells , Granuloma , Lacerations , Lower Extremity , Lymphocytes , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , Necrobiotic Disorders , Plasma Cells , Skin Diseases , Sutures , ThighABSTRACT
Necrobiosis lipoidica is a chronic granulomatous disease that has a well-known association with diabetes mellitus. It usually affects the bilateral lower legs of middle-aged women. Over time, the clinical features vary from red-brown papules to sharply demarcated yellow-brown plaque with atrophic center. Some of the lesions may become ulcerated, especially in diabetic patients. A 61-year-old Korean female with a history of diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and pancreatic cancer was referred to our clinic for evaluation of the painful papulovesicles on her left lower leg. Under the assumptive diagnosis of herpes zoster, we immediately started an antiviral agent. However, her skin lesions rapidly increased in size and in number, and progressed to the multiple ulcerations in 9 days. Histopathologic examination showed several poorly circumscribed necrobiotic granulomas in the deep dermis and subcutis levels of the skin. In addition, prominent vascular ectasia and vasculitis were observed. We diagnosed the patient as having necrobiotic lipoidica, and treated her with oral dapsone, colchicine, phentoxifylline and antiplatelets. Her leg ulcerations healed after four weeks of treatment.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Colchicine , Dapsone , Dermis , Diabetes Mellitus , Dilatation, Pathologic , Granuloma , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic , Herpes Zoster , Leg , Leg Ulcer , Myocardial Ischemia , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , Necrobiotic Disorders , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Skin , Ulcer , VasculitisABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Cyclosporine , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , Necrobiotic DisordersABSTRACT
La necrobiosis lipoidica es una enfermedad de etiología desconocida. La ulceración es una de sus complicaciones y es de difícil tratamiento. Algunos reportes han demostrado la eficiencia de la ciclosporina en al necrobiosis lipoidica. Presentamos a un varón de 51 años de edad con necrobiosis lipoidica ulcerativa en la pierna izquierda que fue tratado exitosamente con ciclosporina.
Necrobiosis lipoidica is a disease of unknown etiology. Recalcitrant ulceration, not responsive to therapy, may be a complication. Cyclosporin therapy has been reported as an effective therapy. We present the case of a 51-year-old man with ulcerative necrobiosis lipoidica on the left leg, successfully treated with cyclosporine.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , Necrobiosis Lipoidica/diagnosis , Necrobiosis Lipoidica/therapyABSTRACT
A 70-year-old woman with an 8-year history of systemic sarcoidosis developed round, red-brown eruptions, with central atrophic lesions on her lower legs. The features of the biopsy specimen resembled those of necrobiosis lipoidica (NL), but although necrobiosis was present there were well-formed non-necrotizing granulomas in the dermis. The histological diagnosis was cutaneous sarcoidosis. Systemic sarcoidosis presenting with NL has rarely been reported. The histological features of cutaneous sarcoidosis sometimes mimic those of other granulomatous diseases, including NL and granuloma annulare, which are difficult to distinguish. We discuss the novel association between sarcoidosis and other granulomatous diseases.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Biopsy , Dermis , Granuloma , Granuloma Annulare , Hydrazines , Leg , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , Necrobiotic Disorders , SarcoidosisABSTRACT
Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is a chronic granulomatous skin disease of unknown etiology, which can be seen in patients with diabetes mellitus. Typical lesions of NL appear on the pretibial skin as painful yellow-brown inflammatory plaques with raised borders and atrophic centers. Ulceration occurs in approximately 35% of cases, leading to increased risk of secondary bacterial infection and scarring. Although there have been many proposed therapies for ulcerative NL, the response to treatment is often met with limited success. Here, we report a case of a 19-year-old girl with ulcerative NL, which showed improvements with oral hydroxychloroquine, an antimalarial agent.
Subject(s)
Humans , Young Adult , Bacterial Infections , Cicatrix , Diabetes Mellitus , Hydroxychloroquine , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , Necrobiotic Disorders , Skin , Skin Diseases , UlcerABSTRACT
Ocorrência simultânea de granuloma anular e necrobiose lipoídica é rara. Sete casos dessa associação foram encontrados na literatura, sendo somente um de necrobiose lipoídica ulcerada. Relata-se caso de concomitância de granuloma anular e necrobiose lipoídica ulcerada, não associada a diabetes mellitus, em paciente masculino de 39 anos, com confirmação histopatológica.
Simultaneous occurrence of granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica is quite rare. There are seven reported cases in the literature, but only one presenting ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica. We report a 39-year-old male with histopathologically confirmed granuloma annulare and ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica, without diabetes mellitus.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Granuloma Annulare/complications , Necrobiosis Lipoidica/complications , Granuloma Annulare/pathology , Necrobiosis Lipoidica/pathologyABSTRACT
La Necrobiosis lipoídica es una rara enfermedad de la piel que afecta física y psíquicamente al paciente que la padece y que consiste en una dermatitis granulomatosa crónica de etiología idiopática; se le considera frecuentemente como una complicación de una Diabetes mellitus mal controlada. Se presenta el caso de una adolescente de 17 años, con antecedentes patológicos personales de Diabetes mellitus tipo 1 desde los 6 años, tratada con Insulina, que a pesar de que cumple su tratamiento cuidadosamente y mantiene un control metabólico adecuado comenzó a desarrollar desde los 9 años de edad lesiones de Necrobiosis lipoídica en ambos miembros inferiores.
Necrobiosis Lipoidica is a rare skin disease that affects physically and mentally the patient who suffers from it. It consists of a chronic granulomatous dermatitis of idiopathic etiology. It is frequently considered as a complication of a badly controlled Diabetes Mellitus. A case of a seventeen years old female adolescent is presented. She suffers from type 1 Diabetes Mellitus treated with insulin. The patient follows her treatment carefully and she keeps and adequate metabolic control. In spite of this, at the age of 9 she developed lesions of Necrobiosis Lipoidica in her inferior limbs.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a common condition which frequently has skin manifestations. The attachment of glucose to protein may result in a profound effect on structure and function of that protein, and account for clinical manifestations of the disease. The present study was undertaken to assess the incidence and to compare the incidence of waxy skin and scleroderma in diabetics and non diabetics. The study was done on 250 patients who attended the Skin OPD of Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar. Thorough general physical examination and the dermatological examination were done in each case. All the cases of collagen disorders necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, granuloma annulare, scleroedema diabeticorum, waxy skin and limited joint mobility were noted and compared between diabetics and non diabetic patients.
ABSTRACT
O diabete melito (DM) é um distúrbio endocrinológico bastante prevalente na popula- ção e caracteriza-se pelo estado hiperglicêmico patológico e crônico, ao qual surgem diversas manifestações sistêmicas e grande prejuízo à qualidade de vida a longo prazo. A necrobiose lipoídica diabeticorum é uma dermatose rara, porém característica e marcadora do DM, podendo ser precursora da enfermidade. Clinicamente apresenta-se com máculas ou placas de forma oval ou irregular, confluentes, com uma área central atrófica e/ou depressiva, com telangectasias, sendo inicialmente eritematosa e, posteriormente, de coloração amarelada. Embora não desencadeie sintomas aos pacientes, pode causar complicações secundárias a traumas ou infecções e desconforto estético. Não há consenso quanto ao tratamento, de modo que muitas medicações são sugeridas, com resultados controversos, mas promissores (AU)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent endocrinological disease among the general population. It is featured by chronic and pathological hyperglycemia, which may result in systemic manifestations and great loss of quality of life in the long run. Although necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (NLD) is a rare dermatosis, it is commonly associated with DM and can be a precursor of it. Clinically seen as confluent, irregular oval maculae or papules, with an atrophic and/or depressed central area and telangiectasis, NLD begins as erythematous lesions which eventually become yellowish. Although NLD does not cause symptoms in the patient, it may lead to secondary complications due to trauma or infection and aesthetic discomfort. As yet there is no standard treatment for NLD, and so plenty of medications have been suggested, with controversial but promising results (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Necrobiosis Lipoidica/diagnosis , Necrobiosis Lipoidica/drug therapyABSTRACT
Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is a rare disease and possibly confused with another conditions such as sarcoid disease, rheumatic pimple … In its histopathological study, it must consider the histochemical methods in detecting the damage of connective fiber tissues as well as clinical signs of the disease. The gender ratio is 1/3 (male/female), the mean age of onset is 30 years old. The necrotic lipoid tissue can occur in various areas – thigh, leg, foot, hand and head skin, most commonly in the right face of the leg
Subject(s)
Diagnosis , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
We report an unusual case of necrobiosis lipoidica with prominent cholesterol clefts in a 36-year-old man who had developed multiple, 0.5~5cm in diameter, round to oval-shaped erythematous plaques on both shins for over 3 years. Laboratory findings showed the following; cholesterol, 250mg/dl; triglyceride, 208mg/dl; blood sugar level fasting/2-h postprandial, 101/92mg/dl; and other findings were within normal limits or negative. There was no paraproteinemia. The biopsy specimen showed various lymphohistiocytic granuloma with many giants cell in the mid and deep dermis, and septal fibrosis in the subcutaneous tissue. There were also extensive areas of necrobiosis with prominent cholesterol clefts mimicking necrobiotic xanthogranuloma.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Biopsy , Blood Glucose , Cholesterol , Dermis , Fibrosis , Granuloma , Necrobiosis Lipoidica , Necrobiotic Disorders , Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma , Paraproteinemias , Subcutaneous Tissue , TriglyceridesABSTRACT
The isomorphic response of Koebner is a well-known phenomenon commonly associated with psoriasis, but it has been also described in conjuction with a host of other disorders. However it has seldom been associated with necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, a rare skin manifestation of diabetes mellicuts. In this report, we describe a 59-year-old woman who developed necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum on the left shin where a mosquito had bitten her 2 months ago. Four months ago, she was diagnosed as necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum on the right forearm and shin by biopsy and the lesions were improved with corticosteroids intralesional injection. The lesions were asymptomatic and had grown slowly. Histopathological findings showed a large palisading granulomas composed of histiocytes, epithelioid cells and areas of necrobiosis of collagen with multinucleated giant cells. Van Gieson stain showed decreased and fragmented elastic fibers and there were no deposits of mucin in the necrobiotic areas. The lesions were improved with triamcinolone acetonide intralesional injection and there was no recurrence during 4 months.